Suffering because of Diabetic KetoAcidosis Case Study

Suffering because of Diabetic KetoAcidosis - Case Study Example Thi study stresses that insulin deficiency as seen in type 1 DM compels  the body to breakdown  amino acids  and  triglycerides  as opposed to glucose for energy production. Due to high breakdown of glyceride and amino acids, the levels of serum free fatty acids and glycerol goes abnormally leading to high level of uncontrolled lipolysis. The Free Fatty Acids (FFA) rises substantially in the blood ; meanwhile, muscles lysis goes up. Due to production of acetoacetic acids and hydroxybutyric acids, both of which are strong organic acids increases leading to metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis is one of the classical symptoms of DKA during the initial stage. Because of increased metabolic acidosis, the patients physiologic compensation takes over. In order to restore normal pH, there is Kausmal respiration that attempt to increase the expiration. Many patients will present with acetone-breathe. Hyperglycemia arises due to insulin insufficiency leading to high sugar levels i n the blood and osmotic diuresis that leads to loss of urinary function. This is a striking similarity with the case study presented. In addition, the urinary excretion of ketones causes increased loss of sodium, potassium and water is lost at large amounts leading to reduced urinary excretion as seen in the patient. As a result of increased loss of electrolytes, potassium often migrates into extracellular component leading to increased potassium levels, often driven back to intracellular by insulin therapy. In order to diagnose DKA, first the patient history and physical assessment helps in identifying which laboratories test to be done. Clinical diagnosis depends on three key laboratory findings; the arterial blood pH normally less than 7.30 with an anion gap of more than 12. Secondly, serum ketones levels are an important diagnostic measurement. The presence of serum ketones and urine ketones indicate definitive diagnosis.

Sexual harrasment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sexual harrasment - Essay Example ke visual, verbal or physical; which can be of sexual nature and as a result are referred to be sexual harassment when the behavior is not welcome and if it’s pervasive or severe. More examples of sexual discrimination conducts: Written or verbal: comments on personal behavior, clothing or person’s body sex-based or sexual jokes, repeatedly asking an individual out or request of sexual favors, sexual innuendoes, rumors concerning an individual’s sexual or personal life and threaten any person sexually. Non-sexual conduct can as well be sexual harassment when harassed when you are female rather than male and vice-versa (MacKinnon and Catherine, 1979). For instance, it is sexual harassment when a woman working as a carpenter on an all-male job; and you become the only one whereby tools are normally hidden by their male co-workers. A single unintended request for date or one making suggestive comment might offend a person may or may not be taken as sexual harassment. But several associated minor separate incidents may add up into sexual harassment, especially when the incidents influence your working conditions (William, Petrocelli and Repa, 1998). Some of the questions which an individual can ask himself to determine on whether a certain conduct is pervasive are: For how long has the harassment been taking place? How many times did occurrences take place? How many other individuals were sexually harassed? Harassments can range from distracting or annoying comments to acts of threats, intimidation or demands involving sexual conduct. Majority of people would be in agreement that any employee whom the supervisor conducts sexual needs accompanied by job associated threats is in a troubling or serious condition (MacKinnon and Catherine, 1979). This is particularly where there are fewer jobs and when the employee has got few job skills. Even though, less blatant kinds of sexual harassment can have serious impacts of jeopardizing employee’s gain or career